{"id":23077,"date":"2024-12-15T00:05:33","date_gmt":"2024-12-14T17:05:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/stei.itb.ac.id\/?page_id=23077"},"modified":"2024-12-15T13:45:45","modified_gmt":"2024-12-15T06:45:45","slug":"poster3","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/stei.itb.ac.id\/en\/poster3\/","title":{"rendered":"Synchronization Techniques For Otfs Systems To Support 6g Communication System"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wpb-content-wrapper\"><div class=\"fullwidth\" ><div class=\"vc_row wpb_row vc_row-fluid kepala vc_custom_1734236300248 vc_row-has-fill\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container vc_col-sm-12\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><div class=\"container\" ><div class=\"vc_row wpb_row vc_inner vc_row-fluid\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container vc_col-sm-12\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><div class=\"vc_btn3-container vc_btn3-inline vc_do_btn\" ><button class=\"vc_general vc_btn3 vc_btn3-size-lg vc_btn3-shape-rounded vc_btn3-style-modern vc_btn3-icon-left vc_btn3-color-white\" onclick=\"history.back()\"><i class=\"vc_btn3-icon fas fa-home\"><\/i> Kembali ke Beranda<\/button><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fullwidth\" ><div class=\"vc_row wpb_row vc_row-fluid vc_custom_1734170418007\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container vc_col-sm-12\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\n\t<div class=\"wpb_text_column wpb_content_element\" >\n\t\t<div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<p><strong>Effrina Yanti Hamid, S.T., M.T., Ph.D.<\/strong><br \/>\nPelaksana | Sekolah Teknik Elektro dan Informatika<\/p>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fullwidth\" ><div class=\"vc_row wpb_row vc_row-fluid vc_custom_1734168902943\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container vc_col-sm-12\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\n\t<div class=\"wpb_text_column wpb_content_element\" >\n\t\t<div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<h5><strong>Abstract<\/strong><\/h5>\n<p>The 6th Generation (6G) mobile communication technology is expected to support connectivity for mobile terminals\/users such as autonomous vehicles, high-speed trains, and others. One of the main challenges for these services is providing reliable communication in high-mobility environments at higher frequencies that have significant challenges from high Doppler effects . One emerging candidate that has gained considerable attention is Orthogonal Time Frequency Space (OTFS) modulation. This scheme employs two-dimensional modulation, making it more robust against high Doppler effects . This research aims to develop an synchronization techniques for OTFS modulation systems. The proposed synchronization technique employs the preamble method, utilizing two types of preambles: the Zadoff-Chu (ZC) sequence and the IEEE 802.11a standard. Testing was conducted by transmitting data in the form of images and text. The performance of the synchronization technique was evaluated using Mean Square Error (MSE). The test results indicate that the ZC sequence preamble method provides better outcomes compared to other methods, and longer preamble lengths also positively impact the performance of CFO synchronization tech<\/p>\n<p>Keyword: carrier frequency offset, mean square error, preamble, synchronization.<\/p>\n<h5><strong>Introduction<\/strong><\/h5>\n<p>In recent years, Orthogonal Time Frequency Space (OTFS) has attracted significant attention from researchers in the field of wireless communication due to its potential to serve as a more robust modulation scheme to address challenges in wireless environments. Unlike typical modulation schemes that operate in the frequency domain, OTFS works in the delay-Doppler domain. When users are moving at high speeds, such as on high-speed trains or airplanes traveling at speeds of up to 1000 km\/h, frequency shifts occur, which can affect the performance of conventional modulation schemes. In OTFS, even in the presence of high mobility, this modulation ensures that the signal can still be transmitted effectively. OTFS helps maintain communication quality in dynamic conditions.<\/p>\n<p>Although OTFS has advantages in overcoming high mobility challenges in wireless environments, when a signal is transmitted through the channel, there remains the possibility of Carrier Frequency Offset (CFO). CFO can occur due to several reasons, including equipment drift, environmental changes, or imperfections in synchronization between the transmitter and receiver. The presence of CFO can impact the performance of OTFS. Therefore, synchronization is still required to correct CFO, ensuring that the signal is received and processed correctly in dynamic wireless environments.<\/p>\n<h5><strong>Research Mode<\/strong><\/h5>\n<p>This research aims to implement effective synchronization techniques for accurately estimating Carrier Frequency Offset (CFO), thereby ensuring robust signal reception at the receiver. Synchronization will be performed prior to the demodulation process, as illustrated in Picture 1. The transmitted signal, upon reaching the channel, will enter the receiver, where the synchronization process will take place before proceeding to the Orthogonal Time Frequency Space (OTFS) demodulation stage.<\/p>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fullwidth\" ><div class=\"vc_row wpb_row vc_row-fluid vc_custom_1734194817030\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container vc_col-sm-6\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\n\t<div class=\"wpb_text_column wpb_content_element\" >\n\t\t<div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<p>The synchronization technique proposed in this research utilizes identical preambles, \ud835\udc80\ud835\udfcf and \ud835\udc80\ud835\udfd0. Two types of preambles are used, IEEE 802.11a and the Zadoff-Chu sequence. The preamble is placed at the beginning of the OTFS block, preceding the Cyclic Prefix (CP) and the data. The CP itself is a copy of the end portion of the data placed at the beginning, with the purpose of reducing Intersymbol Interference (ISI). The structure of one OTFS block with identical preambles is illustrated in Picture 2.<\/p>\n<p>The synchronization process is performed by comparing two identical preambles, \ud835\udc80\ud835\udfcf and \ud835\udc80\ud835\udfd0. The first segment \ud835\udc80\ud835\udfcf and the second segment \ud835\udc80\ud835\udfd0 , originate from the same preamble signal. However, upon reception, both segments experience phase shifts due to CFO. CFO estimation is obtained by calculating the angle of the product of \ud835\udc80\ud835\udfcf and \ud835\udc80\ud835\udfd0, which represents the phase difference between them. Since CFO causes phase changes or shifts, this angle provides information about the extent of the<br \/>\nsignal&#8217;s change or shift. The result is then adjusted with a scaling factor that considers the length of the preamble and the amount of transmitted data to achieve an accurate frequency shift estimation.<\/p>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container vc_col-sm-6\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\n\t<div  class=\"wpb_single_image wpb_content_element vc_align_center wpb_content_element vc_custom_1734196461539\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<figure class=\"wpb_wrapper vc_figure\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vc_single_image-wrapper   vc_box_border_grey\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"517\" height=\"323\" src=\"https:\/\/stei.itb.ac.id\/wp-content\/uploads\/3-12.jpg\" class=\"vc_single_image-img attachment-full\" alt=\"\" title=\"\" \/><\/div><figcaption class=\"vc_figure-caption\">Picture 1. OTFS system block diagram<\/figcaption>\n\t\t<\/figure>\n\t<\/div>\n\n\t<div  class=\"wpb_single_image wpb_content_element vc_align_center wpb_content_element vc_custom_1734196471773\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<figure class=\"wpb_wrapper vc_figure\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vc_single_image-wrapper   vc_box_border_grey\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"505\" height=\"190\" src=\"https:\/\/stei.itb.ac.id\/wp-content\/uploads\/3-13.jpg\" class=\"vc_single_image-img attachment-full\" alt=\"\" title=\"\" \/><\/div><figcaption class=\"vc_figure-caption\">Picture 2. Identical preambles and one OTFS block<\/figcaption>\n\t\t<\/figure>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fullwidth\" ><div class=\"vc_row wpb_row vc_row-fluid vc_custom_1734169842459\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container vc_col-sm-12\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\n\t<div class=\"wpb_text_column wpb_content_element\" >\n\t\t<div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<h5><strong>Discussion &amp; Result<\/strong><\/h5>\n<p>The testing was conducted under Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN) and Rayleigh fading channel conditions to evaluate the effectiveness of the ZC sequence and IEEE 802.11a preamble. This testing covers an SNR range from 0 dB to 30 dB and 10 different CFO values for each SNR. The data obtained from this testing is presented in quantitative graphs, illustrating the impact of preamble length variations on MSE. This testing also aims to identify the effect of preamble length on the estimation accuracy of each method used. The results of this testing will provide insights into the performance comparison between the ZC sequence and IEEE 802.11a methods in accurately estimating CFO values.<\/p>\n<p>Picture 3. presents the MSE graph for the performance of the ZC sequence and IEEE 802.11a preamble with a length of 319 under two channel conditions. From the graph, it can be observed that both the ZC sequence and IEEE 802.11a preamble improve with each increase in SNR. However, the ZC sequence demonstrates better performance compared to the IEEE 802.11a preamble under both channel conditions.<\/p>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fullwidth\" ><div class=\"vc_row wpb_row vc_row-fluid vc_custom_1734194817030\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container vc_col-sm-6\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\n\t<div class=\"wpb_text_column wpb_content_element\" >\n\t\t<div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<h5><strong>Conclusion<\/strong><\/h5>\n<p>The performance of the OTFS system&#8217;s synchronization technique on an AWGN channel with an SNR of 30 dB using the Zadoff-<br \/>\nChu (ZC) sequence preamble with a length of 319 provides a better Mean Square Error (MSE) value of 10\u22127, compared to the IEEE 802.11a preamble, which produces an MSE value of 10\u22126 . For future work, synchronization and equalization techniques can be implemented on the OTFS system receiver using two Software-Defined Radios (SDRs), where the receiver device is placed on a moving receiver.<\/p>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container vc_col-sm-6\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\n\t<div  class=\"wpb_single_image wpb_content_element vc_align_center wpb_content_element vc_custom_1734196670251\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<figure class=\"wpb_wrapper vc_figure\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vc_single_image-wrapper   vc_box_border_grey\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"511\" height=\"501\" src=\"https:\/\/stei.itb.ac.id\/wp-content\/uploads\/3-14.jpg\" class=\"vc_single_image-img attachment-full\" alt=\"\" title=\"3\" \/><\/div><figcaption class=\"vc_figure-caption\">Picture 3. MSE of IEEE 802.11a and ZC sequence preamble with a length of 319<\/figcaption>\n\t\t<\/figure>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Kembali ke Beranda Effrina Yanti Hamid, S.T., M.T., Ph.D. Pelaksana | Sekolah Teknik Elektro dan Informatika Abstract The 6th Generation (6G) mobile communication technology is expected to support connectivity for [...]","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-23077","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/stei.itb.ac.id\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/23077","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/stei.itb.ac.id\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/stei.itb.ac.id\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stei.itb.ac.id\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stei.itb.ac.id\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=23077"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/stei.itb.ac.id\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/23077\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":23230,"href":"https:\/\/stei.itb.ac.id\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/23077\/revisions\/23230"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/stei.itb.ac.id\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=23077"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}